Cuda vector. Available to any CUDA C or CUDA C++ application simply by adding “#include math. I'm not reaching any CUDA code, it's only a problem passing the stl vector to a class that manage CUDA code. Even then you don't want to pass the whole vector, but just the raw CUDA pointer into your kernel (i. cpp” program, let’s review them: Host (CPU) memory allocation (lines 50 to 57) Host (CPU) memory initialisation (lines 65 to 69) (A CUDA warp is a set of 32 threads, and is the fundamental unit of lockstep parallel execution and scheduling on a CUDA capable GPU. I have to know whether is it possible to use thrust::device_vector or thrust::fill to initialize and fill 2D arrays. // Defining vector addition function for CPU void cpuAdd(int * h_a, int * h_b, int * h_c) { int Vector Add with CUDA¶ Using the CUDA C language for general purpose computing on GPUs is well-suited to the vector addition problem, though there is a small amount of additional information you will need to make the code example clear. Mar 18, 2015 · CUDA 7 adds C++11 feature support to nvcc, the CUDA C++ compiler. template <typename T> __global__ kernel(T Dec 10, 2008 · I’m pleased to announce the release of our tech report “Efficient Sparse Matrix-Vector Multiplication on CUDA”. cu • You can see this contains CUDA specific code i. I like to use the size() function but I’m running into an issue. Oct 19, 2016 · `cuda_fp16. Preparation 1. According to a comparison test in the study, handling the same database with a cluster of 128 CPU servers took 108. Thank you for replying my question! Containers Make common operations concise and readable Hides cudaMalloc , cudaMemcpy // allocate host vector with two elements thrust:: host_vector <int > h_vec(2); Jun 20, 2012 · device_vector deallocates the storage associated when it goes out of scope, just like any standard c++ container. Each thread computes pairwise product of multiple components of vector . Aug 6, 2014 · About built-in vector types in CUDA? How is the vector-types in CUDA maps to its memory address? e. sum vectors values with cuda C++. rn. x*TILE_DIM + threadIdx. adjacent threads in a block read adjacent cells of a. At least, it does for half-precision floating point values. cend(), scatter_indices_it, arr1. As far as I concern, . This algorithm achieves high speed by Parallel Programming in CUDA C With add()running in parallel…let’s do vector addition Terminology: Each parallel invocation of add()referred to as a block Kernel can refer to its block’s index with the variable blockIdx. Reading/writing with the vector types like int4 and float4 is faster. If there is only one row in block of rows, the CSR-Vector will be Aug 9, 2023 · thrust::scatter(. The first array stores all the A values and the second array stores all the B values at Jan 6, 2014 · Actually, these days, CUDA does have a few "vector operation intrinsics". 0 represents a major update—in both functionality and performance—over its predecessor. ) a vector (SIMD) multiply-accumulate operation, which is not directly translatable to a single particular elementwise operation overload, the so-called int8 dp2a and dp4a instructions. Dec 9, 2012 · The CUDA SDK includes a matrix transpose, you can see here examples of code on how to implement one, ranging from a naive implementation to optimized versions. If This chapter introduces the main concepts behind the CUDA programming model by outlining how they are exposed in C++. y components are the secondary sort criteria and the . This usage example assumes that the executable name is COMPILED: Size_of_Vectors : The number of items in each vector. 12. 7 hours-about 8. A Sum Scan Algorithm That Is Not Work-Efficient. g. Are there any advantages to using these data types? Let's assume that I have a tuple which consists of two values, A and B. thrust::device_vector cannot be used in device code. h> #include <thrust The vector addition project is one of the simplest GPU programs and highlights the key elements required in all CUDA programs. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Some elements were not calculated in a vector addition on cuda. No, it is not possible to have a device_vector containing device_vectors. I am using the StarPU-master, with Jun 29, 2009 · Hi All, I am writing a code using built-in vector type (i. Host implementations of the common mathematical functions are mapped in a platform-specific way to standard math library functions, provided by the host compiler and respective host libm where available. Number_of_Blocks : The number of blocks used in the GPU. 这是个模板类所以你可以直接放float3进去。. x; Testing CUDA Built-In vector types. But I have a question about the number of grids and number of threads. 128). 1 $ cat notreallyno. Thrust is a C++ template library for CUDA based on the Standard Template Library (STL). Nov 16, 2019 · Then CUDA threads block is assigned to each block of rows. #include <stdio. It can be challenging to implement sparse matrix operations efficiently, so I hope this report offers some guidance to those working on iterative solvers and other areas where sparse matrix-vector products arise. com/coffeebeforearchFor live content: http://twitch. The only problem is, using the resize() function keeps 0’ing the elements. z components are the tertiary sort criteria. CUDA Parallel Cross Product-1. Shared memory is a powerful feature for writing well optimized CUDA code. Citeseer, Dipartimento di Elettronica, Politecnico di Torrino, Stresa, Italy, 839–842. Dot Product for dummies with CUDA C. dot_product with CUDA_CUB. In European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design, ECCTD, Vol. For example: Naïve transpose. For example you have a matrix A size nxm, and it's (i,j) element in pointer to pointer representation will be A[i][j] (with i=0. 4 harnesses NVIDIA GPUs’ massively parallel computing power and the new CAGRA from the RAPIDS cuVS library. Mar 28, 2013 · I have my CUDA C code which uses global 2D arrays. The case of multiple rows in one block of rows is called CSR-Stream. I've read that CUDA can read from global memory 128 bytes at at time, so it makes sense that each thread in a warp can read/write 4 bytes in a coalesced pattern for a total of 128 bytes. // Launch the Vector Add CUDA Kernel. Jun 6, 2012 · Thrust applications can select among the CUDA, TBB, and OpenMP backends either at compile time, or by explicitly selecting a backed by using thrust::cuda::vector, thrust::omp::vector, or thrust::tbb::vector rather than justthrust::device_vector. The dimension of the array is 40960000. Rather, this is a limitation of the design of the CUDA runtime API. Since there are 10 components, but only a maximum of 4 total threads , each thread pairwise product of its component, and shifts by a stride of the total number of threads. Aug 22, 2014 · from the host, you can use a number of thread blocks to distribute the vector to the different matrix rows, use a single block to read in the vector to shared memory, and then distribute it to each matrix row, or even dynamic parallelism to have single thread initiate a number of cudamemcpy’s, similar to the host solution mentioned above Mar 12, 2021 · Thrust 1. I tried many things for many hours and came up with this and it doesn’t work. It also provides a number of general-purpose facilities similar to those found in the C++ Standard Library. h> #include <device_launch_parameters. I define a half8 like this: (compiled with -arch=sm_75) #include <cuda_fp16. I have a normal sized vector but it’s capacity is much larger than its size. Is it required that I specifically allocate memory for this vector in host with cudaMalloc and cudaMemcpy? No. Is it possible to use float4 data type and read the first element of the second vector? ‣Thrust provides two vector containers - host_vector: resides on CPU - device_vector: resides on GPU ‣Hides cudaMalloc and cudaMemcpy 7 // allocate host vector with two elements thrust::host_vector<int> h_vec(2); // copy host vector to device thrust::device_vector<int> d_vec = h_vec; // manipulate device values from Oct 23, 2022 · The following code is intended to show how to avoid unnecessary copies through move semantics (not Thrust specific) and initialization through clever use of Thrusts "fancy iterators" (thrust::transform_iterator and thrust::zip_iterator) in a C++ class leveraging Thrust vectors to offload computation. Suykens and Joos Vandewalle. e. CUDA dot product. Mar 31, 2023 · Now you can create a vector with memory managed by CUDA like so: std::vector<float, CudaAllocator<float>> cudavec; You can make a type alias for it to save some typing: template<typename T = float> using CudaVector = std::vector<T, CudaAllocator<T>>; Dec 27, 2016 · I'm trying to understand how cuda vector types work. h> typedef struct __align__ (16) { half2 x; half…. See libcu++: The C++ Standard Library for Your Entire System. Feb 20, 2019 · In this video we go over vector addition in C++!For code samples: http://github. - Hopobcn/cuda-vector-types . In stage 1 you can easily make sure that reads are contiguous i. We take a floating-point vector x , with number of elements ranging from 1E+6 to 1E+9 , and sum them up using CUDA ( Σx ). Apr 25, 2017 · thrust::device_vector objects/references can not be used as kernel parameters. com/coffeebeforearchFor live content: htt Aug 30, 2022 · The best way would be storing a two-dimensional array A in its vector form. 2. But what is the point here : does CUDA define mathematical operations such as +/-/*/dot/normalize on vector types (float3/float4 &hellip; Feb 27, 2014 · A search or a quick browse of recent CUDA questions will reveal at least three questions about this subject, inlcuding code. Yes, this is the way to solve the problem. Feb 26, 2018 · Hello, I know this topic was here several times, but as I am a beginer, I am not able to understand examples used in those that I’ve found and I don’t want to spend to much time at this particular part of my code (just a freetime project for fun:)). Each thread takes care of one element of c __global__ void vecAdd Apr 9, 2013 · 2. f16. On GPU co-processors, there are many more cores available than on traditional multicore CPUs. Dec 4, 2013 · Learn how to use vector loads and stores in CUDA C/C++ to improve memory bandwidth utilization and reduce instruction count. using CUDA 3. The user gives as an input a std::vector< std::vector<int> > and also a string variable like for example 021. Example 1. h> // CUDA kernel. Because shared memory is shared by threads in a thread block, it provides a mechanism for threads to cooperate. To use the program, there are a few command line arguments that need to be passed. data()); kernel<<<100,1>>>(pd_vec); and here's the prototype of the kernel. By having this string the sorting is done first on the first column, then on the third column and then on Oct 9, 2015 · Specifically how could I sort an array of float3?Such that the . Hi all, I try to define half8 type to load 8 halves with single instruction (LDG. 需要使用Raw Pointer的时候调用raw_pointer_cast就可以。. cuvec is a header-only library so simply %include "cuvec. cbegin(), arr2. ) This is perhaps a confusing issue, but the pointer value of row is passed by value to the function Pascal_Triangle . This enables the use of CUDA unified memory with Thrust. Jul 16, 2015 · 14. //STL Libraries #include <iostream> #include <vector> //CUDA Libraries #include <cuda_runtime. Aug 15, 2016 · CUDA provides built-in vector data types like uint2, uint4 and so on. Nov 10, 2013 · Solution 3b: CUDA-compatible vector Thrust is a C++ template library for CUDA based on the Standard Template Library (STL). The one that came to mind first for me was merging the two vectors with thrust::merge_by_key, where the keys are generated using a similar scheme as above for the scatter indices: Feb 18, 2022 · If you want to use a C++ container, take a look at the Thrust library. py import numpy as np import numba as nb from numba import cuda,float32,int32 #vector length N = 1000 Dec 10, 2018 · Confirmed. $ make. 0. Number_of_Threads : The number of threads used in each GPU block. But what I don't understand why this is. i" in a SWIG interface file. To use the makefiles, change the current directory to the sample directory you wish to build, and run make: $ cd <sample_dir>. I write to the vector and now the size is no longer accurate. I try to sum many vectors values using CUDA c++. 5x longer. int threadsPerBlock = 256; int blocksPerGrid =(numElements + threadsPerBlock - 1) / threadsPerBlock; size_t shmsz = (size_t The scalar product of two vectors is called dot product. If you define that vector to have a non-zero size e. # cat t7. However, after I transferred the result from GPU to CPU and printed the array c, I found that all the elements in array c was still zero. Apr 14, 2014 · 2 个回答. Oct 10, 2023 · The API reference guide for Thrust, the CUDA C++ template library. Least Squares Support Vector Machine Classifiers: a Large Scale Algorithm. Matrix is linearized and stored in GPU main memory. The underlying reason for the crash is that the destructor for the thrust::vector is being called when the variable falls out of scope, which is happening after the CUDA runtime API context has been torn Mar 5, 2015 · (This is an ordinay C/C++ issue, not specific to CUDA. In this post I will show some of the performance gains achievable using shared memory. thrust::raw_pointer_cast(my_vector. 1: for d = 1 to log 2 n do. Second, it has shared memory, texture memory, and constant memory where programmers can specify the usage of these faster memory types. They provide device_vector and universal_vector (and host_vector, but that one is less important). Open the file vadd_cuda. The vector addition function on CPU is shown here: #include "stdio. It is an empty vector. It works fine, but since I noticed that other seemingly straightforward operations (like scaling a vector) are optimized in libraries like CUBLAS or CULA, I was wondering if Jun 27, 2017 · Your vector a has no elements in it. New C++ language features include auto, lambda functions, variadic templates, static_assert, rvalue references, range-based for loops, and more. 1. typedef cub::BlockReduce<float2, 128> BlockReduce; Dec 13, 2012 · So to find the overall_maximum from the block_maximums in c use a second kernel call to the same kernel but using only 1 block and c as the input array, d as the output, d [0] should have final result. If you wish to use the contents of a device vector in device code via a CUDA kernel call, extract a pointer to the data, e. Thrust is an open-source CUDA C++ parallel algorithms library included in the CUDA toolkit, and thrust::device_vector is a typed vector container that works much like std::vector, except CUDA; DirectCompute; OpenCL; Training; Returns the Euclidean length of a vector. Note the first note for the type of constructor you are using: 1) Default constructor. Specifically, I will optimize a matrix transpose to show how to use shared memory to reorder strided R. Google Scholar; Johan A. Mar 1, 2017 · Array to sum values: First run n/2 threads, sum contiguous array elements, and store it on the "left" of each, the array will now look like: Run the same kernel, run n/4 threads, now add each 2 elements, and store it on the left most element, array now will look like: Feb 20, 2019 · In this video we go over vector addition with unified memory in CUDA!For code samples: http://github. The full libc++ documentation is available on GitHub. It includes a new thrust::universal_vector which holds data that is accessible from both host and device. Thrust allows you to implement high performance parallel applications with minimal programming effort through a high-level interface that is fully interoperable with CUDA C. cvt. It allows the user to access the computational resources of NVIDIA Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). __global__ void transposeNaive(float *odata, float* idata, int width, int height, int nreps) {. This GPU acceleration enables significant performance gains in Milvus: Benchmarks demonstrate up to 50x faster vector search performance than state-of-the-art CPU-based indexes like Hierarchical Navigable Small Worlds (HNSW). : Aug 11, 2019 · In this video we look at how to write a vector addition kernel from scratch in CUDA!For code samples: http://github. This means that you can use C++11 features not only in your host code compiled with nvcc, but also in device code. Some functions, not available with the host compilers, are implemented in crt Dec 12, 2018 · We will take two arrays of some numbers and store the answer of element-wise addition in the third array. float2 is to provide an appropriate reduction operator: // Specialize BlockReduce for a 1D block of 128 threads of type float2. The raw C++/CUDA libraries may be included in external projects using cmake. Jun 11, 2019 · 使用这行命令不能成功. h> #include <math. You could use raw pointers to pass the device vector data. After I printed out d_w, d_u, and d_v, I can confirm that the GPU. length for a float3 vector could be implemented like this. e char4, uchar4, float4, etc…). We address this issue by presenting LightSpMV, a parallelized CSR-based SpMV implementation programmed in CUDA C++. x components are the primary sort criteria, the . These dependencies are listed below. An Efficient Matrix Transpose in CUDA C/C++. Vector addition kernel demonstrated is the same as the sample illustrating Chapter 3 of the programming guide. h> #include <vector> #include <cstdio> __global__ void Sep 5, 2018 · Cuda Vector Addition giving large number of errors. n-1 and j=0. Usage. data()), and pass that pointer to your CUDA kernel as an ordinary bare pointer. int threadsPerBlock = 256; The CUDA Math library is an industry proven, highly accurate collection of standard mathematical functions. Further, there is a matrix multiplication example in the CUDA SDK/examples and CUDA ships with CUBLAS. The API Reference guide for cuBLAS, the CUDA Basic Linear Algebra Subroutine library. All are described in the CUDA Math API documentation. The cuBLAS library is an implementation of BLAS (Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms) on top of the NVIDIA®CUDA™ runtime. And how they are translated to PTX and SASS. Feel free to follow up with comments/questions about the report The Cuda 8″ Titanium Bonded Snips are one of our most well-rounded tools when it comes to versatility, durability, and strength. One way to store them in memory is to allocate two arrays. The release of cuTENSOR 2. tv/C Some CUDA Samples rely on third-party applications and/or libraries, or features provided by the CUDA Toolkit and Driver, to either build or execute. I am initializing it using kernel function in my code. CUDA : vectors addition and vectors size. The Linux samples are built using makefiles. For example: // initialize 1D array with ten numbers in a device_vector thrust::device_vector<int> D(10); Aug 28, 2014 · The problem is neither a bug in Thrust, nor are you doing something wrong. cu at master · AJcodes Apr 18, 2023 · CUDA doesn't natively provide arithmetic operators for the "built-in" vector types. Yes, thrust::device_vector has a push_back method just like a std::vector. This is done as long as it does not exceed We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. x Each block adds a value from a[]and b[], storing the result in c[]: Dec 30, 2023 · Hello, I wrote a simple vector addition program with StarPU and CUDA. h> #include <stdlib. An extensive description of CUDA C++ is given in Programming Interface. Mar 26, 2024 · Milvus 2. Thanks. Assume I have a matrix with n rows and m columns and m is not divisible by 4. cu #include <thrust/device_vector. It presents established parallelization and optimization techniques and explains coding metaphors and idioms that can greatly simplify programming for CUDA-capable GPU architectures. m-1). K. 3. It builds on top of established parallel programming frameworks (such as CUDA, TBB, and OpenMP). The blades are constructed of titanium bonded stainless steel, making them 3x harder than untreated steel to provide exceptional edge retention and an incredible resistance to corrosion and rust. Sep 13, 2012 · 5. Introduction. But to define half8 as 8 halves makes it hard to leverage half2 instructions like HFMA2/HADD2. See examples of vector data types, aligned pointers, and vectorized instructions for memory copy kernels. vec. Jul 29, 2021 · A graph of a billion vectors took less than 12 hours to compute. 原因是这样会构造一个AoS (Array of Structures Jun 3, 2013 · I have build a rudimentary kernel in CUDA to do an elementwise vector-vector multiplication of two complex vectors. So pretty much the only thing needed to extend the basic example for e. For example, if I have thrust::device_vector<int> x; x Jan 10, 2017 · Compressed sparse row (CSR) is one of the most frequently used sparse matrix storage formats. Apr 12, 2019 · How can I add vector elements in a cuda kernel? 0. 4: x [ k] = x [ k – 2 d-1] + x [ k] Algorithm 1 assumes that there are as many processors as data elements. Mar 19, 2019 · You cannot use thrust::device_vector in device code. I have implemented my own comparator for STL's sort function, that helps sorting a std::vector< std::vector<int> > on the CPU. Adding two vectors using CUDA C, launching kernel. tv/CoffeeBeforeArch Jul 7, 2010 · Does CUDA have vector operation intrinsics? 2. In the tutorial repo move to the following folder: cd Chapter4/01_Cuda_To_HIP_Vector_Add 2. h" #include <iostream> // Defining Number of elements in Array #define N 5. You cannot modify the pointer value in the function, and expect the modified value to show up in the calling environment. f32 h0, f0; Mar 7, 2010 · As you know, cublasIsamax return the least index of the maximum element in a vector… So do you guys know how to get the max VALUE directly? some hint or resource about how to implement cublasIsamax effectively is appreciated. 0 is a major release providing bug fixes and performance enhancements. If you'd like to deallocate any Thrust vector 's storage manually during its lifetime, you can do so using the following recipe: // empty the vector. If you need to do allocation in device code, you will need to use in Dec 31, 2018 · 1. May 9, 2024 · CUDA mathematical functions are always available in device code. CUDA Vector Addition Program | Basics of CUDA Programming with CUDA Array Addition with All Cases | cuda vector addition,cuda programming,cuda programming tu Jan 12, 2015 · So, I like the convenience of the device vectors. It provides a heterogeneous implementation of the C++ Standard Library that can be used in and between CPU and GPU code. data())). Full code for the vector addition example used in this chapter and the next can be found in the vectorAdd CUDA sample. “By keeping computations purely on a GPU, we can take advantage of the much faster memory available on the accelerator, instead of Jan 26, 2023 · I’ve struggled to create a class structure accessible from the device side. considering an array of int4 (assuming no alignment issues): int4 S[100]; Then I cast it into an array of int: in… Summary. Least Squares Support Vector Machine Classifiers. int8 here is somewhat This CUDA Driver API sample uses NVRTC for runtime compilation of vector addition kernel. Figure 39-2 The Naive Scan of. cu code with nvcc. For example: $ module load cuda/10. In this way, not only can a single Thrust application combine multiple backends, but it can be The Linux samples are built using makefiles. Use `half2` vector types and intrinsics where possible achieve the highest throughput. We attempt each element count with various approaches, running each approach 5 times to get a good time measure. a[0] does not exist. NVIDIA cuTENSOR is a CUDA math library that provides optimized implementations of tensor operations where tensors are dense, multi-dimensional arrays or array slices. The samples makefiles can take advantage of certain options: TARGET_ARCH= - cross-compile targeting a specific architecture. int xIndex = blockIdx. Reference Implementation. You can extract a pointer to the underlying data and use that if you wish, but the device_vector object itself is not usable in device code, nor are any of its methods such as push_back. Today, we are finding the maximum value of an array with parallel reduction. The picture below shows the first few steps in the “vectorAdd. In the first code, if I run the kernel as myadd<<<600, 600>>>(Hdt); It runs without any problem. Also added are new asynchronous versions of thrust::async:exclusive_scan and inclusive_scan algorithms. The kernel code is inserted below (multiplyElementwise). This hands-on tutorial shows how we can convert a vector add application written in CUDA to HIP using the HIP source conversion tools. Access to shared memory is much faster than global memory access because it is located on chip. If a sample has a third-party dependency that is available on the system, but is not installed, the sample will waive itself at build time. begin()); There are certainly multiple possible ways of doing this. You can find the location of the headers using: This is likely unnecessary (see the "C++ & CUDA" tab above for simpler #include instructions). Mar 17, 2018 · First, it comes with a large amount of CUDA cores (typically, hunderds or thousands). Jun 11, 2013 · The latter two are optional with zero default values, but specify the dynamically allocated shared memory size and stream. 1999. 2: for all k in parallel do. 99. As you can see, just possible to add two vectors but I wanna generate vectors dynamically with the same length. Here I have a class I created 2 different constructors for host side and device side. thrust::raw_pointer_cast(beta. Oct 3, 2022 · libcu++ is the NVIDIA C++ Standard Library for your entire system. cpp code is compiled with g++ and . The NVIDIA C++ Standard Library is an open source project; it is available on GitHub and included in the NVIDIA HPC SDK and CUDA Toolkit. If you need that sort of functionality in thrust I would recommend looking at thrust::zip_iterator which can provide "array of structures" like access to a series of distinct vectors or iterators. E. 3: if k 2 d then. Comparing performance of sequential vs CUDA-based vector element sum. However, the efficiency of existing CUDA-compatible CSR-based sparse matrix vector multiplication (SpMV) implementations is relatively low. thrust::device_vector<float> d_vec(100); float* pd_vec = thrust::raw_pointer_cast(d_vec. I found some solution for two vectors. Copy assignment works just fine between thrust containers (host or device) and std::vector. arr2. My last CUDA C++ post covered the mechanics of using shared memory, including static and dynamic allocation. Dec 8, 2020 · rmm::device_vector is an alias for thrust::device_vector that uses the RMM current device resource for its allocation. if not, is there some easy way to return only one element from the vector? for easy, I mean no need to create a host array to hold all the values and pick the one needed… Feb 3, 2014 · Thanks a lot. 但是如果你搜索之后会发现，几乎没有人使用这种办法。. To fix this, change the launch code as follows: // Launch the Vector Summation CUDA Kernel. Constructs an empty container. Feb 2, 2016 · Then, if I run the code, the first output throw Size of vector: 125 And the second Size of vector: 14710694641059515977. calculated the data successfully. h” in your source code, the CUDA Math library ensures that your application benefits from high performance math routines optimized for every NVIDIA GPU May 21, 2024 · This Best Practices Guide is a manual to help developers obtain the best performance from NVIDIA ® CUDA ® GPUs. clear(); // deallocate any capacity which may currently be associated with vec May 22, 2018 · I try to sum many vectors values using CUDA python. h` defines a full suite of half-precision intrinsics for arithmetic, comparison, conversion and data movement, and other mathematical functions. 1. I’ve found complete and functional code finding min max using reduce, code can be found here: cuda_minmax/kernel. You may want to study std::vector and their constructors, which have nothing to do with CUDA. . Samples for CUDA Developers which demonstrates features in CUDA Toolkit - NVIDIA/cuda-samples. 如＠吕文龙 所说，你可以使用Thrust中的device_ptr [1]。. Here's an example in PTX of the most obvious vector intrinsic: vectorized addition, with 2 half-precision floating-point values: // put some floats in half-precision registers. bz ol dk wf yo gb vp oa os ln